Pinophyta (Division) or Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms are seed plants, but seeds are produced from naked ovules (i.e., ovules exposed on megasporophylls). In angiosperms, the ovules are enclosed by a carpel or carpels. Gymnosperms do not have a monophyletic origin. Group includes rather unrelated evolutionary lines.

1. Cycadicae (subdivision)--Palmlike to fernlike plants; leaves mostly compound; wood soft and loose

   Cycadopsida (class)

   Cycadales (order)

   1. Zamiaceae--Zamia--Greenhouse
   2. Cycadaceae--Cycas--Greenhouse

2. Pinicae (subdivision)--simple leaves; dense wood

   Pinopsida (class)

   1. Ginkgoales (order)

      Ginkgoaceae--Ginkgo biloba

   2. Taxales (order)

      Taxaceae--Taxus

   3. Pinales (order)

      a. Pinaceae--Tsuga, Pseudotsuga, Cedrus, Abies, Picea, Larix, Pinus
      b₁. Cupressaceae--Juniperus, Cupressus, Thuja, Chamaecyparis
      b₂. Taxodiaceae--Taxodium, Sequoia, Metasequoia
      c. Podocarpaceae--Podocarpus-Greenhouse
      d. Araucariaceae--Araucaria--Greenhouse

3. Gneticae (subdivision)

   1. Gnetales (order)
      

      Ephedraceae--Ephedra

Examples of Gymnosperms to view on campus:

Chamaecyparis pisifera, Sawara Cypress - President's lawn - porcharea
Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo - President's lawn - corner
Picea abies, Norway Spruce - Loomis Street across from President's house
Picea glauca, White Spruce - N.E. corner of Olin Science, President's lawn
Picea pungens, Blue Spruce - Freshman Quad near Trax
Picea rubens, Red Spruce - President's lawn
Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas Fir - behind Botany/Taylor, President's lawn
Taxus cuspidata, Japanese Yew - front of Coleman
Tsuga canadensis, Eastern Hemlock - R.R. tracks side of President's house